This research is by: Christian P. Celia R. Billy B. Shane C. Paige T.
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GOBLIN SHARK
_ Click this underscore to watch a video on the amazing goblin shark!!!!!
The Goblin shark is certainly a creature of the deep. They live almost anywhere in the world including, off the coast of French Guiana, Bay of Biscay, Madeira, Portugal, Cape of Good Hope (Southern Africa), off Japan and Southern Australia. It normally lives at depths of about 1800 ft.
Although scary looking, Goblin sharks are no threat to humans, they have sizes ranging from 13-18 ft long and are inactive, because they don't do much and slow at swimming. Surprisingly, the goblin shark has a thick flabby body and it has a whitish pink color. Kind of weird for a shark that looks scary!
Goblin sharks are rarely kept in captivity. A University in Shimizu, Japan, and it died after one week. After they die they turn a brown color, different than their natural color of light pink.
Goblin Sharks are a species that are very easy to identify with their elongated flat snout that is sprinkled with electro-sensitive ampullae of Lorenzini. Ampullae of Lorenzini are receptors that pick up electric fields, perfect for hunting in the dark. Goblin Sharks have rounded asymmetrical fins.
The Goblin Shark eats mollusks, crabs, squids and small boney fish. It uses its squishy jaw to ”suck” in its prey using a motion similar to sticking out your tongue and pulling it back in. The teeth's angles are used to shred the animal before eating it.
Porbeagle Shark
The Porbeagle shark actually likes colder waters and migrates to colder water and migrates to to where water is cooler when where they are gets warmer. They can be found along the Atlantic coastline starting in the Gulf of St. Lawrence all the way up to the the coast of Massachusetts and maybe as far south as southern Brazil to southern Argentina. They can be found many other places around the world.
Porbeagle sharks grow to be more than 9.8 feet , but some can grow two 12 feet long, and weighs more than 1,300 pounds. The body is heavy and rod-shaped, with a long, cone-shaped snout.
Porbeagle sharks have not one dorsal fin but two! The dorsal fins lack the frontal spines compared to some sharks belonging to other families. The back of the front dorsal fin tip is white and is much larger than the one in the back, which is equal in size to the small anal fin.
The shark has large gill slits that allows for maximum gas exchange, the gill slits extend to the sharks back the coloration is dark, but the stomach's coloration is white.
Porbeagle sharks owe much of their speed and strength to their specialized circulatory system, which allows the sharks to maintain a body temperature well above that of the surrounding water. This means sharks are endothermic. Which means although they are clod blooded, they are able to change their body temperature. A series of structures called countercurrent exchangers—a complex network of blood vessels located near the gills—forms a thermal barrier that prevents the loss of heat from the body into the surrounding environment (the sea).
The porbeagle shark preys on a variety of fishes and invertebrates, including other sharks, mackerel, pilchard, herring, haddock, cod, hake, grunt, whiting, and squid.
The porbeagle shark is a casaully occurring, frigid-water shark, but it has a unique genus classification, Lamna, belonging to the family Lamnidae. The only other shark classified in the genus Lamna is the salmon shark.
The porbeagle shark typically swim as deep as 4,400 feet below the surface but believe it or not it has actually been found swimming about a meter below the surface.
Frilled Shark
Big Mouth -
They have 25 rows of 300 teeth which they use to grind their prey. Prey is what the shark eats and its prey include squid,cuttlefish,octopus,and other sharks that all live in the depths of the ocean.It is believed that their diet is more than 60% cephalopods (marine mollusks). The creatures found within the frilled shark’s stomach were slippery and its teeth were perfect for devouring their flesh.
Internal features-
The Frilled shark have hydrocarbon and oil filled livers that allows the shark to float and hover in waters 160-660 feet deep. They are also one of the very few sharks with an "open" lateral line, in which the mechanoreceptive hair cells are positioned in grooves that are directly exposed to the surrounding seawater.
External features-
The Frilled shark has many unique feature on is its first gill slit going all the way around it’s throat. It is elongated with two small pectoral fins and one single dorsal fin.
The pectoral fins are short and rounded. The single, small dorsal fin is positioned far back on the body, about opposite the anal fin, and has a rounded margin. The pelvic and anal fins are large, broad, and are rounded, and also positioned well back on the body. The caudal fin is very long and roughly triangular, without a lower lobe or a ventral notch on the upper lobe.
Reproduction-
There have been studies in Japan proving that Frilled sharks reproduce about 3 and a half years apart with about 6 pups, which are usually around 22 inches long (55 cm). The pups are very small, and this is not strange due to the species slender build. Living in the deep life is really slow this is also a good reputation of the reproduction process of the Frilled shark reproduction progress they reproduce but they do it very slow.
Feeding-
No one has actually seen the Frilled shark feed but we can assume that it is easy for it to eats it's prey with it’s large mouth. With its mouth it makes the Frilled shark well suited for snagging smooth soft cephalopod prey.
Habitat-
Frilled sharks are thought to have a wide though patchy distribution (74°N - 58°S, 169°W - 180°E) in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In Suruga Bay, Japan they are most common at depths between 50 m and 200 m.
They have 25 rows of 300 teeth which they use to grind their prey. Prey is what the shark eats and its prey include squid,cuttlefish,octopus,and other sharks that all live in the depths of the ocean.It is believed that their diet is more than 60% cephalopods (marine mollusks). The creatures found within the frilled shark’s stomach were slippery and its teeth were perfect for devouring their flesh.
Internal features-
The Frilled shark have hydrocarbon and oil filled livers that allows the shark to float and hover in waters 160-660 feet deep. They are also one of the very few sharks with an "open" lateral line, in which the mechanoreceptive hair cells are positioned in grooves that are directly exposed to the surrounding seawater.
External features-
The Frilled shark has many unique feature on is its first gill slit going all the way around it’s throat. It is elongated with two small pectoral fins and one single dorsal fin.
The pectoral fins are short and rounded. The single, small dorsal fin is positioned far back on the body, about opposite the anal fin, and has a rounded margin. The pelvic and anal fins are large, broad, and are rounded, and also positioned well back on the body. The caudal fin is very long and roughly triangular, without a lower lobe or a ventral notch on the upper lobe.
Reproduction-
There have been studies in Japan proving that Frilled sharks reproduce about 3 and a half years apart with about 6 pups, which are usually around 22 inches long (55 cm). The pups are very small, and this is not strange due to the species slender build. Living in the deep life is really slow this is also a good reputation of the reproduction process of the Frilled shark reproduction progress they reproduce but they do it very slow.
Feeding-
No one has actually seen the Frilled shark feed but we can assume that it is easy for it to eats it's prey with it’s large mouth. With its mouth it makes the Frilled shark well suited for snagging smooth soft cephalopod prey.
Habitat-
Frilled sharks are thought to have a wide though patchy distribution (74°N - 58°S, 169°W - 180°E) in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In Suruga Bay, Japan they are most common at depths between 50 m and 200 m.
Greenland Shark
The Greenland shark lives in cold arctic waters around Greenland, Iceland, and Canada where temperatures can be as low as -1 degrees. They are sluggish and is very slow moving. The Greenland shark is one of the largest sharks of all sharks. Adults can grow up to 24 feet and can weigh approximately 2000 pounds! However, the average adult measures between 8-14 feet. At birth, they are about a little larger than 1 foot.
The Greenland shark is a cold water shark belonging to the genus Somniosus and the dogfish family, Squalidae. Somniosus microcephalus is the scientific name for the Greenland shark, that is commonly known as the sleeper shark. Greenland sharks are known to live in very deep waters down to at least 7200 feet.
Surprisingly, the Greenland shark has not only one dorsal, but two! The dorsal fins lack the rigid frontal spine found in some other sharks.
An odd thing about this shark is that it lives with parasites called copepods attached to their corneas (eyes). The copepods are highly visible and possibly luminescent, leading some scientists to believe that they aid the shark by luring prey into striking range. Another interesting fact is that the Greenland shark is poisonous, due to the high urea content that is stored in its flesh.
This sharks appetite includes fish such as salmon, char, herring, smelt cod, haddock, pollock, ling, halibut, wolf fish, lumpfish, redfish, sculpins, spiny eels, and skates. They also eat seals, small whales, squid, crabs, marine snails, brittle stars, sea urchins, jellyfish, and sea birds. Even parts of drowned horses and an entire reindeer have been found in a stomach of a Greenland shark!
Ninja Lanternshark
This weird shark got its name from author Peter Benchley of a book about a shark called “Jaws” because the specific name for the ninja lanternshark is Etmopterus benchleyi. Victoria Vásquez said she wanted to name the shark after the something interesting, so she asked the widow of Peter Benchley if she could name the shark after him.
The image to the left is the researcher Victoria Vásquez, she is part of the Pacific Shark Research Center that was involved with the San Francisco Project. After she graduated she started learning about tagging and tracking skills through her Great White Shark population study. She is known as a lead researcher and she named the Ninja Lanternshark.
The Ninja Lanternshark was observed at depths of about 2,700 feet to 4,700 feet. This creature could be found off the Pacific Ocean or near Central America.
The shark is about 1.5 feet long and uses special skin structures to give off a faint glow that helps it blend in with the inky, low-light surroundings where its prey can be found. The faint glow comes from a special organ in its body called Photophores that is used to communicate with other sharks, for camouflage in the deep waters and can attract prey.
The Ninja Lanternshark presumably eats small fish and crustaceans although scientists don’t yet know hardly anything about its diet or behavior. The teeth of the ninja lanternshark are small, extremely sharp and nearly translucent which is great to let light to be seen from prey and to be attracted to the light.